馬尾杉屬

Holub in Preslia 36: 17, 21. 1964; Pic. Ser. in Webbia 26: 154. 1971: Ching in Acta Phytotax. Sin. 16(3): 7. 1978, et in Acta Bot. Yunnan. 3(1): 3. 1981: Fl. Xizang. 1: 11. 1983: Dixit, CensusInd. Pterid. 8. 1984, et Lycop. Ind. 69. 1988; Fl. Anhui 1: 19, 1985: H. S. Kung, Fl. Sichuan. 6: 38. 1988; S. H. Wu et Ching, Fam. Gen. Pterid. Sin. 100. 1991; S. H. Wu, J. N. Zhu et C. Y. Yang, Dict. Ext. Fossil Gen. Chin. Ferns 87. 1992; Fl. Jiangxi 1: 27. 1993; Fl. Zhejiang 1: 3. 1993; L. B. Zhang et H. S. Kung in Acta Phytotax. Sin. 37(1): 41. 1999. —— Lycopodium Subgen. Lep－idotis Sect. Phlegmaria Baker, Handb. Fern Allies 8. 1887. —— L. Subgen. Subselago Baker, Handb. Fern Allies 8. 1887. ——L. Sub-gen. Urostachya Sect. Selago Subsect. Subselago (Baker) E. Pritzel in Engl. u. Prantl, Naturl. Pflanzenfam. 1(4): 597. 1901. —— L. Subgen. Urostachys Sect. Phlegmariurus Herter in Engl. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 43: Beibl. 98: 30. 1909; De Vol in H. L. Li, Fl. Taiwan 1: 30. 1975. —— L. Subgen. Heterourostachys Herter, l. c. —— Urostachys Subgen. Heterourostachys (Herter) Herter in Bot. Arch. 3:16. 1923. —— Huperzia Sect. Phlegmaria (Baker) Rothm. in Fed-de, Repert. Sp. Nov. 54: 61. 1944. —— H. Sect. Subselago (Baker)Rothm. l. c. —— Mirmau Subgen. Heterourostachys (Herter) H. P. Fuchs in Verh. Naturforsch. Ges. Basel 66: 43. 1955. —— H. Subgen. Subselago (Baker) Holub in Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 26: 86. 1991. —— Lycopodium sensu J. C. Tsai et W. C. Shieh in T. C. Huang, Fl. Taiwan ed. 2, 1: 29. 1994. p. p.

中型附生蕨類。莖短而簇生，成熟枝下垂或近直，多回二叉分枝。葉螺旋狀排列，披針形，橢圓形，卵形或鱗片狀，革質或近革質，全緣。孢子囊穗比不育部分細瘦或為線形。孢子葉與營養(yǎng)葉明顯不同或相似。孢子葉較小，孢子囊生在孢子葉腋。孢子囊腎形；2瓣開裂。孢子球狀四面形，極面觀近三角狀圓形，赤道面觀扇形。染色體基數常為 x＝11，17。

全屬約200種，廣布于熱帶與亞熱帶地區(qū)。我國現知23種，西南至華東，華南地區(qū)分布。

本屬又可分為3組，即馬尾組 Sect. Phlegmariurus，擬石杉組 Sect. Huperzioides H. S. Kung et L. B. Zhang 及龍骨組 Sect. Carinaturus (Herter) H. S. Kung et L. B. Zhang。