十大經(jīng)典排序算法 Python 版實(shí)現(xiàn)（附動(dòng)圖演示）

def?bubbleSort(arr):
????for?i?in?range(1,?len(arr)):
????????for?j?in?range(0,?len(arr)-i):
????????????if?arr[j]?>?arr[j+1]:
????????????????arr[j],?arr[j?+?1]?=?arr[j?+?1],?arr[j]
????return?arr

def?selectionSort(arr):
????for?i?in?range(len(arr)?-?1):
????????#?記錄最小數(shù)的索引
????????minIndex?=?i
????????for?j?in?range(i?+?1,?len(arr)):
????????????if?arr[j]?????????????????minIndex?=?j
????????#?i?不是最小數(shù)時(shí)，將?i?和最小數(shù)進(jìn)行交換
????????if?i?!=?minIndex:
????????????arr[i],?arr[minIndex]?=?arr[minIndex],?arr[i]
????return?arr

def?insertionSort(arr):
????for?i?in?range(len(arr)):
????????preIndex?=?i-1
????????current?=?arr[i]
????????while?preIndex?>=?0?and?arr[preIndex]?>?current:
????????????arr[preIndex+1]?=?arr[preIndex]
????????????preIndex-=1
????????arr[preIndex+1]?=?current
????return?arr

def?shellSort(arr):
????import?math
????gap=1
????while(gap?3):
????????gap?=?gap*3+1
????while?gap?>?0:
????????for?i?in?range(gap,len(arr)):
????????????temp?=?arr[i]
????????????j?=?i-gap
????????????while?j?>=0?and?arr[j]?>?temp:
????????????????arr[j+gap]=arr[j]
????????????????j-=gap
????????????arr[j+gap]?=?temp
????????gap?=?math.floor(gap/3)
????return?arr
}

def?mergeSort(arr):
????import?math
????if(len(arr)<2):
????????return?arr
????middle?=?math.floor(len(arr)/2)
????left,?right?=?arr[0:middle],?arr[middle:]
????return?merge(mergeSort(left),?mergeSort(right))
def?merge(left,right):
????result?=?[]
????while?left?and?right:
????????if?left[0]?<=?right[0]:
????????????result.append(left.pop(0));
????????else:
????????????result.append(right.pop(0));
????while?left:
????????result.append(left.pop(0));
????while?right:
????????result.append(right.pop(0));
????return?result

def?quickSort(arr,?left=None,?right=None):
????left?=?0?if?not?isinstance(left,(int,?float))?else?left
????right?=?len(arr)-1?if?not?isinstance(right,(int,?float))?else?right
????if?left?????????partitionIndex?=?partition(arr,?left,?right)
????????quickSort(arr,?left,?partitionIndex-1)
????????quickSort(arr,?partitionIndex+1,?right)
????return?arr

def?partition(arr,?left,?right):
????pivot?=?left
????index?=?pivot+1
????i?=?index
????while??i?<=?right:
????????if?arr[i]?????????????swap(arr,?i,?index)
????????????index+=1
????????i+=1
????swap(arr,pivot,index-1)
????return?index-1

def?swap(arr,?i,?j):
????arr[i],?arr[j]?=?arr[j],?arr[i]

def?buildMaxHeap(arr):
????import?math
????for?i?in?range(math.floor(len(arr)/2),-1,-1):
????????heapify(arr,i)

def?heapify(arr,?i):
????left?=?2*i+1
????right?=?2*i+2
????largest?=?i
????if?left?and?arr[left]?>?arr[largest]:
????????largest?=?left
????if?right?and?arr[right]?>?arr[largest]:
????????largest?=?right

????if?largest?!=?i:
????????swap(arr,?i,?largest)
????????heapify(arr,?largest)

def?swap(arr,?i,?j):
????arr[i],?arr[j]?=?arr[j],?arr[i]

def?heapSort(arr):
????global?arrLen
????arrLen?=?len(arr)
????buildMaxHeap(arr)
????for?i?in?range(len(arr)-1,0,-1):
????????swap(arr,0,i)
????????arrLen?-=1
????????heapify(arr,?0)
????return?arr

def?countingSort(arr,?maxValue):
????bucketLen?=?maxValue+1
????bucket?=?[0]*bucketLen
????sortedIndex?=0
????arrLen?=?len(arr)
????for?i?in?range(arrLen):
????????if?not?bucket[arr[i]]:
????????????bucket[arr[i]]=0
????????bucket[arr[i]]+=1
????for?j?in?range(bucketLen):
????????while?bucket[j]>0:
????????????arr[sortedIndex]?=?j
????????????sortedIndex+=1
????????????bucket[j]-=1
????return?arr

def?bucket_sort(s):
????"""桶排序"""
????min_num?=?min(s)
????max_num?=?max(s)
????#?桶的大小
????bucket_range?=?(max_num-min_num)?/?len(s)
????#?桶數(shù)組
????count_list?=?[?[]?for?i?in?range(len(s)?+?1)]
????#?向桶數(shù)組填數(shù)
????for?i?in?s:
????????count_list[int((i-min_num)//bucket_range)].append(i)
????s.clear()
????#?回填，這里桶內(nèi)部排序直接調(diào)用了sorted
????for?i?in?count_list:
????????for?j?in?sorted(i):
????????????s.append(j)

if?__name__?==?__main__?:
????a?=?[3.2,6,8,4,2,6,7,3]
bucket_sort(a)
print(a)?#?[2,?3,?3.2,?4,?6,?6,?7,?8]

def?RadixSort(list):
????i?=?0????????????????????????????????????#初始為個(gè)位排序
????n?=?1?????????????????????????????????????#最小的位數(shù)置為1（包含0）
????max_num?=?max(list)?#得到帶排序數(shù)組中最大數(shù)
????while?max_num?>?10**n:?#得到最大數(shù)是幾位數(shù)
????????n?+=?1
????while?i?????????bucket?=?{}?#用字典構(gòu)建桶
????????for?x?in?range(10):
????????????bucket.setdefault(x,?[])?#將每個(gè)桶置空
????????for?x?in?list:?#對(duì)每一位進(jìn)行排序
????????????radix?=int((x?/?(10**i))?%?10)?#得到每位的基數(shù)
????????????bucket[radix].append(x)?#將對(duì)應(yīng)的數(shù)
????????????組元素加入到相?#應(yīng)位基數(shù)的桶中
????????j?=?0
????????for?k?in?range(10):
????????????if?len(bucket[k])?!=?0:?#若桶不為空
????????????????for?y?in?bucket[k]:?#將該桶中每個(gè)元素
????????????????????list[j]?=?y?#放回到數(shù)組中
????????????????????j?+=?1
????????i?+=?1
return??list
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