Centos7部署Nginx負載均衡Tomcat服務(wù)器及session共享架構(gòu)

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負載均衡
負載均衡建立在現(xiàn)有網(wǎng)絡(luò)結(jié)構(gòu)之上，它提供了一種廉價有效透明的方法擴展網(wǎng)絡(luò)設(shè)備和服務(wù)器的帶寬、增加吞吐量、加強網(wǎng)絡(luò)數(shù)據(jù)處理能力、提高網(wǎng)絡(luò)的靈活性和可用性。
負載均衡（Load Balance）其意思就是分攤到多個操作單元上進行執(zhí)行，例如Web服務(wù)器、FTP服務(wù)器、企業(yè)關(guān)鍵應(yīng)用服務(wù)器和其它關(guān)鍵任務(wù)服務(wù)器等，從而共同完成工作任務(wù)
session共享
Session 是客戶端與服務(wù)器通訊會話跟蹤技術(shù)，服務(wù)器與客戶端保持整個通訊的會話基本信息
由于負載均衡會把任務(wù)分攤到不同的機器上，因此當用戶進行頁面刷新時會從機器A跳轉(zhuǎn)到機器B，此時用戶所進行的所有操作數(shù)據(jù)可能會丟失，因此需要通過集群的session共享機制來實現(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)跟蹤

前期準備

準備Centos7服務(wù)器，同步系統(tǒng)時間，配置IP地址和hostname，關(guān)閉防火墻和selinux
安裝openjdk

[root@localhost ~]# yum install java -y

#查看安裝情況
[root@localhost ~]# java -version
openjdk version "1.8.0_232"
OpenJDK Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_232-b09)
OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.232-b09, mixed mode)

部署Nginx
從官網(wǎng)下載yum源并安裝Nginx

[root@localhost ~]# yum install nginx -y

部署redis

#yum安裝redis
[root@localhost ~]# yum install redis -y

#配置
#設(shè)定為后臺守護進程方式運行
daemonize yes
#設(shè)定登錄密碼(可選)
masterauth "your_password"

#啟動服務(wù)
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start redis

部署Tomcat集群

部署tomcat1

從Tomcat官網(wǎng)下載Tomcat7壓縮包并解壓

[root@localhost ~]# tar -zxvf apache-tomcat-7.0.104.tar.gz -C /usr/local/tomcat-7

在/usr/local/tomcat-7/lib文件夾中添加三個jar包實現(xiàn)連接redis和session共享

commons-pool-1.6.jar
jedis-2.0.0.jar
tomcat-redis-session-manager-1.2-tomcat-7-java-7.jar

配置服務(wù)啟動文件

[root@localhost ~]# vi /usr/lib/systemd/system/tomcat7.service
[Unit]
Description=Apache Tomcat Web Application Container
After=syslog.target network.target
[Service]
Type=forking
Environment=JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/jre
Environment=CATALINA_PID=/usr/local/tomcat-7/temp/tomcat.pid
Environment=CATALINA_HOME=/usr/local/tomcat-7
Environment=CATALINA_BASE=/usr/local/tomcat-7
ExecStart=/usr/local/tomcat-7/bin/startup.sh
ExecStop=/usr/local/tomcat-7/bin/shutdown.sh
User=root
Group=root
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

配置redis緩存

[root@localhost ~]# vi /usr/local/tomcat-7/conf/context.xml

    WEB-INF/web.xml
    WEB-INF/tomcat-web.xml
    ${catalina.base}/conf/web.xml
    
    
        host="127.0.0.1"
    port="6379"
    #redis有設(shè)置密碼登錄則需要填寫密碼
    password="your_password"
    database="0"
    maxInactiveInterval="60" />

編寫讀取redis緩存文件

[root@localhost ~]# vi /usr/local/tomcat-7/webapps/ROOT/session.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>








session id=<%=session.getId()%>

tomcat 1

啟動服務(wù)

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start tomcat7

部署tomcat2

#復(fù)制tomcat1文件夾
[root@localhost ~]# cp -r /usr/local/tomcat-7/ /usr/local/tomcat-7-8888/

修改配置文件

[root@localhost ~]# vi /usr/local/tomcat-7-8888/conf/server.xml
#修改三處端口號

address="::1"
port="8019"
redirectPort="8443" />

配置服務(wù)啟動文件

[root@localhost ~]# vi /usr/lib/systemd/system/tomcat7-8888.service
[Unit]
Description=Apache Tomcat Web Application Container
After=syslog.target network.target
[Service]
Type=forking
Environment=JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/jre
Environment=CATALINA_PID=/usr/local/tomcat-7-8888/temp/tomcat.pid
Environment=CATALINA_HOME=/usr/local/tomcat-7-8888
Environment=CATALINA_BASE=/usr/local/tomcat-7-8888
ExecStart=/usr/local/tomcat-7-8888/bin/startup.sh
ExecStop=/usr/local/tomcat-7-8888/bin/shutdown.sh
User=root
Group=root
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

修改讀取redis緩存的文件

[root@localhost ~]# vi /usr/local/tomcat-7-8888/webapps/ROOT/session.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>








session id=<%=session.getId()%>

tomcat 2

修改主頁顯示以示區(qū)分

[root@localhost ~]# vi /usr/local/tomcat-7-8888/webapps/ROOT/index.jsp
 Home-7-8888

啟動服務(wù)

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start tomcat7-8888

部署tomcat3

#復(fù)制tomcat1文件夾
[root@localhost ~]# cp -r /usr/local/tomcat-7/ /usr/local/tomcat-7-9999/

修改配置文件

[root@localhost ~]# vi /usr/local/tomcat-7-9999/conf/server.xml
#修改三處端口號

address="::1"
port="8029"
redirectPort="8443" />

配置服務(wù)啟動文件

[root@localhost ~]# vi /usr/lib/systemd/system/tomcat7-9999.service
[Unit]
Description=Apache Tomcat Web Application Container
After=syslog.target network.target
[Service]
Type=forking
Environment=JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/jre
Environment=CATALINA_PID=/usr/local/tomcat-7-9999/temp/tomcat.pid
Environment=CATALINA_HOME=/usr/local/tomcat-7-9999
Environment=CATALINA_BASE=/usr/local/tomcat-7-9999
ExecStart=/usr/local/tomcat-7-9999/bin/startup.sh
ExecStop=/usr/local/tomcat-7-9999/bin/shutdown.sh
User=root
Group=root
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

修改讀取redis緩存的文件

[root@localhost ~]# vi /usr/local/tomcat-7-9999/webapps/ROOT/session.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>








session id=<%=session.getId()%>

tomcat 3

修改主頁顯示以示區(qū)分

[root@localhost ~]# vi /usr/local/tomcat-7-9999/webapps/ROOT/index.jsp
 Home-7-9999

啟動服務(wù)

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start tomcat7-9999

配置Nginx負載均衡

[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf
#配置tomcat集群
upstream serverpool{
#默認情況下通過輪詢方式來調(diào)用tomcat集群
    server localhost:8080;
    server localhost:8888;
    server localhost:9999;
    }
#配置服務(wù)
server{
    listen 80;
    server_name localhost;
    location / {
    proxy_pass http://serverpool/;
    }
}

啟動服務(wù)

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start nginx

測試驗證

驗證負載均衡
瀏覽器訪問http://ip

點擊刷新

再次點擊刷新

測試session共享
瀏覽器訪問http://ip/session.jsp

點擊刷新

再次點擊刷新

查看redis數(shù)據(jù)庫記錄

[root@localhost ~]# redis-cli
127.0.0.1:6379> auth "your_password"
OK
127.0.0.1:6379> ping
PONG
127.0.0.1:6379> keys *
1) "C13930F70F4B33537E99140CFEDAC637"