Notification 使用詳解
和你一起終身學(xué)習(xí)，這里是程序員Android
經(jīng)典好文推薦，通過閱讀本文，您將收獲以下知識點:
一、Notification 簡介
二、創(chuàng)建Notification 的方法
三、通知的管理
四、簡單的通知實現(xiàn)
五、可擴(kuò)展通知實現(xiàn)
六、通知中含下載進(jìn)度條
七、通知中含媒體播放控件
八、自定義通知內(nèi)容
一、Notification 簡介
Notification?通知是應(yīng)用向用戶顯示的消息提示，當(dāng)發(fā)送通知時，通知將先以圖標(biāo)的形式顯示在通知區(qū)域中。用戶可以打開下拉通知欄查看通知的詳細(xì)信息。通知區(qū)域和下拉通知欄均是由系統(tǒng)控制的區(qū)域，用戶可以隨時查看。
通知在Android用戶界面的一個重要部分，其使用方法請看以下內(nèi)容：
通知區(qū)域中的通知
下拉通知欄中的通知
二、創(chuàng)建Notification 的方法
1.通知創(chuàng)建的方法
調(diào)用NotificationCompat.Builder.build()?創(chuàng)建Notification對象,然后調(diào)用?NotificationManager.notify()?將Notification對象傳遞給系統(tǒng)。
2.Notification 對象必須包含以下內(nèi)容：
小圖標(biāo)，由
setSmallIcon()設(shè)置標(biāo)題，由?
setContentTitle()?設(shè)置詳細(xì)文本，由?
setContentText()設(shè)置
3.通知可選內(nèi)容
通知默認(rèn)優(yōu)先級為?PRIORITY_DEFAULT?0Notification.Builder.setPriority()
5個級別可選（-2、-1、0、1、2）
通知優(yōu)先級如下：
PRIORITY_LOW=-1
PRIORITY_MIN=-2
PRIORITY_DEFAULT = 0
PRIORITY_HIGH=1
PRIORITY_MAX=2
4.設(shè)置可以擴(kuò)展樣式
通過Notification.Builder.setStyle()可以設(shè)置通知的樣式。
5.點擊通知啟動Activity(PendingIntent)
通知中經(jīng)常遇到，點擊通知欄，打開?Activity。
Notification.Builder mBuilder = new Notification.Builder(this);
mBuilder.setSmallIcon(R.drawable.gril)
.setDefaults(Notification.DEFAULT_SOUND).setColor(000)
.setContentTitle("簡單通知Tittle").setContentText("點擊可以打開Activity");
Intent resultIntent = new Intent(this, NotificationMethods.class);
// 新開一個Activity 棧
resultIntent.setFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK
| Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_CLEAR_TASK);
TaskStackBuilder stackBuilder = TaskStackBuilder.create(this);
stackBuilder.addParentStack(NotificationMethods.class);
stackBuilder.addNextIntent(resultIntent);
PendingIntent resultPendingIntent = stackBuilder.getPendingIntent(0,
PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT);
mBuilder.setContentIntent(resultPendingIntent);
NotificationManager mNotificationManager = (NotificationManager) getSystemService(Context.NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);
mNotificationManager.notify(0, mBuilder.build());
三、通知的管理
1.更新通知
調(diào)用?NotificationManager.notify(ID)?發(fā)出帶有通知ID的通知，ID相同，即可更新以前ID發(fā)送的通知。
2.刪除通知
創(chuàng)建時 調(diào)用了?setAutoCancel(true)
刪除時候調(diào)用刪除指定ID
NotificationManager.cancel(notificationId)
刪除自己應(yīng)用發(fā)的所有通知
Utils.mNotificationManager.cancelAll();
3.在通知中顯示進(jìn)度條
setProgress()
四、簡單的通知實現(xiàn)
1.實現(xiàn)效果
簡單通知圖片
2.實現(xiàn)代碼
/**
* 簡單通知
*/
public void SimpleNotification(View view) {
Notification.Builder mBuilder = new Notification.Builder(this);
mBuilder.setSmallIcon(R.drawable.gril)
.setDefaults(Notification.DEFAULT_SOUND).setColor(000)
.setContentTitle("簡單通知Tittle").setContentText("點擊可以打開Activity");
Intent resultIntent = new Intent(this, NotificationMethods.class);
// 新開一個Activity 棧
resultIntent.setFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK
| Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_CLEAR_TASK);
TaskStackBuilder stackBuilder = TaskStackBuilder.create(this);
stackBuilder.addParentStack(NotificationMethods.class);
stackBuilder.addNextIntent(resultIntent);
PendingIntent resultPendingIntent = stackBuilder.getPendingIntent(0,
PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT);
mBuilder.setContentIntent(resultPendingIntent);
NotificationManager mNotificationManager = (NotificationManager) getSystemService(Context.NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);
mNotificationManager.notify(0, mBuilder.build());
}
五、可擴(kuò)展通知實現(xiàn)
1.實現(xiàn)效果
通知展開圖
通知未展開圖
2.實現(xiàn)代碼
/**
* 可擴(kuò)展通知
* **/
public void NotificationStyle(View view) {
Notification.Builder mBuilder = new Notification.Builder(this);
mBuilder.setLargeIcon(
DrawableUtils.DrawableToBitmap(getResources().getDrawable(
R.drawable.ic_launcher)))
.setContentTitle("我是可擴(kuò)展通知的Tittle ")
.setDefaults(Notification.DEFAULT_SOUND)
.setContentText("我是可擴(kuò)展通知的內(nèi)容")
.setSmallIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher)
.setAutoCancel(true)
.setStyle(
new Notification.InboxStyle().addLine("我是可擴(kuò)展通知第一行")
.addLine("我是可擴(kuò)展通知第二行")
.setBigContentTitle("我是可擴(kuò)展的大 Tittle")
.setSummaryText("點擊,展開獲取更多內(nèi)容"));
NotificationManager mNotificationManager = (NotificationManager) getSystemService(Context.NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);
// 如果Id 一樣可以更新通知
mNotificationManager.notify(1, mBuilder.build());
}
六、通知中含下載進(jìn)度條
1.實現(xiàn)效果
下載中通知
下載完成通知
2.實現(xiàn)代碼
/**
* 帶有下載進(jìn)度條的通知
* **/
public void NotificationProcess(View view) {
final NotificationManager mNotifyManagerProcess;
final Notification.Builder mBuilder;
mNotifyManagerProcess = (NotificationManager) getSystemService(Context.NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);
mBuilder = new Notification.Builder(this);
mBuilder.setContentTitle("Picture Downloading").setSmallIcon(
R.drawable.ic_launcher);
new Thread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
for (MIncr = 0; MIncr <= 100; MIncr += 1 + 5 * Math.random()) {
mBuilder.setProgress(100, MIncr, false).setContentText(
MIncr + "%");
mNotifyManagerProcess.notify(2, mBuilder.build());
try {
Thread.sleep(500);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
}
}
/**
* setProgress true 則表示 進(jìn)度條一直不停的從左至右滑動，類似于圓形進(jìn)度條 false :進(jìn)度條消失
* **/
mBuilder.setContentText("Download complete").setProgress(0, 0,
false);
mNotifyManagerProcess.notify(2, mBuilder.build());
}
}).start();
}
七、通知中含媒體播放控件
1.實現(xiàn)效果
未展開圖
展開圖
2.實現(xiàn)代碼
/**
* 音樂播放器樣式
* **/
public void NotificationMediaStyle(View view) {
Notification.Builder mMediaBuilder = new Notification.Builder(this);
mMediaBuilder.setSmallIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher);
mMediaBuilder.setContentTitle("如果有一天我變有錢");
mMediaBuilder.setContentText("毛不易");
mMediaBuilder.setLargeIcon(DrawableUtils
.DrawableToBitmap(getResources().getDrawable(
R.drawable.ic_launcher)));
Intent mIntent = new Intent();
ComponentName name = new ComponentName(this, NotificationMethods.class);
mIntent.setComponent(name);
PendingIntent mPendingIntent = PendingIntent.getActivity(
getApplicationContext(), 0, mIntent, 0);
mMediaBuilder.setContentIntent(mPendingIntent);
mMediaBuilder.setPriority(Notification.PRIORITY_MAX);
mMediaBuilder.addAction(new Notification.Action.Builder(Icon
.createWithResource(NotificationMethods.this,
R.drawable.music_pre), "1", null).build());
mMediaBuilder.addAction(new Notification.Action.Builder(Icon
.createWithResource(NotificationMethods.this,
R.drawable.music_play), "2", null).build());
mMediaBuilder.addAction(new Notification.Action.Builder(Icon
.createWithResource(NotificationMethods.this,
R.drawable.music_next), "3", null).build());
Notification.MediaStyle mMediaStyle = new Notification.MediaStyle();
mMediaStyle.setShowActionsInCompactView(0, 1, 2);
mMediaBuilder.setStyle(mMediaStyle);
NotificationManager mNotificationManager = (NotificationManager) getSystemService(Context.NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);
// 如果Id 一樣可以更新通知
mNotificationManager.notify(1, mMediaBuilder.build());
}
八、自定義通知內(nèi)容
1.實現(xiàn)效果
自定義通知效果圖
2.實現(xiàn)代碼
/**
* 自定義樣式通知
* **/
public void NotificationCustomView(View view) {
/***
* 自定義Remoteview
* **/
RemoteViews remoteViews = new RemoteViews(getPackageName(),
R.layout.notification_view);
remoteViews.setTextViewText(R.id.tv_content_title, "十年");
remoteViews.setTextViewText(R.id.tv_content_text, "陳奕迅");
// 打開上一首
remoteViews.setOnClickPendingIntent(R.id.btn_pre,
SetClickPendingIntent(NOTIFICATION_PRE));
// 打開下一首
remoteViews.setOnClickPendingIntent(R.id.btn_next,
SetClickPendingIntent(NOTIFICATION_NEXT));
// 點擊整體布局時,打開播放器
remoteViews.setOnClickPendingIntent(R.id.btn_play,
SetClickPendingIntent(NOTIFICATION_PLAY));
// 點擊整體布局時,打開Activity
remoteViews.setOnClickPendingIntent(R.id.ll_root,
SetClickPendingIntent(NOTIFICATION_ACTIVITY));
remoteViews.setOnClickPendingIntent(R.id.img_clear,
SetClickPendingIntent(NOTIFICATION_CANCEL));
Notification.Builder builder = new Notification.Builder(this)
.setSmallIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher)
.setTicker("當(dāng)前正在播放..")
.setWhen(System.currentTimeMillis())
.setContentTitle("十年")
.setContentText("陳奕迅")
.setAutoCancel(true)
.setLargeIcon(
DrawableUtils.DrawableToBitmap(getResources()
.getDrawable(R.drawable.ic_launcher)))
.setContent(remoteViews);
Utils.mNotificationManager = (NotificationManager) getSystemService(NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);
// 打開通知
Utils.mNotificationManager.notify(Utils.NOTIFICATION_CUSTOM_ID,
builder.build());
}
public PendingIntent SetClickPendingIntent(int what) {
switch (what) {
case NOTIFICATION_PRE:
Intent intentPre = new Intent(this, MainActivity.class);
intentPre.putExtra("cmd", what);
int flagPre = PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT;
PendingIntent clickPreIntent = PendingIntent.getActivity(this,
what, intentPre, flagPre);
return clickPreIntent;
case NOTIFICATION_PLAY:
Intent intentPlay = new Intent(this, NotificationMethods.class);
intentPlay.putExtra("cmd", what);
int flagPlay = PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT;
PendingIntent clickPlayIntent = PendingIntent.getActivity(this,
what, intentPlay, flagPlay);
return clickPlayIntent;
case NOTIFICATION_NEXT:
Intent intentNext = new Intent(this, ActivityMethods.class);
intentNext.putExtra("cmd", what);
int flagNext = PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT;
PendingIntent clickNextIntent = PendingIntent.getActivity(this,
what, intentNext, flagNext);
return clickNextIntent;
case NOTIFICATION_ACTIVITY:
Intent intentActivity = new Intent(this, ServiceMethod.class);
intentActivity.putExtra("cmd", what);
int flag = PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT;
PendingIntent clickIntent = PendingIntent.getActivity(this, what,
intentActivity, flag);
Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "打開Activity", 0).show();
return clickIntent;
case NOTIFICATION_CANCEL:
Intent intentCancel = new Intent("Notification_cancel");
intentCancel.putExtra("cancel_notification_id",
Utils.NOTIFICATION_CUSTOM_ID);
int flagCancel = PendingIntent.FLAG_CANCEL_CURRENT;
PendingIntent clickCancelIntent = PendingIntent.getBroadcast(this,
0, intentCancel, flagCancel);
return clickCancelIntent;
default:
break;
}
return null;
}
3.自定
View布局如下：
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:id="@+id/ll_root"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:background="#282828"
android:gravity="center_vertical"
android:orientation="horizontal"
android:padding="8dp" >
<ImageView
android:layout_width="50dp"
android:layout_height="50dp"
android:padding="5dp"
android:src="@drawable/ic_launcher" />
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="0dp"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_weight="1"
android:gravity="center_vertical"
android:orientation="vertical" >
<TextView
android:id="@+id/tv_content_title"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:padding="5dp"
android:textSize="18sp"
android:text="十年"
android:textColor="@android:color/white" />
<TextView
android:id="@+id/tv_content_text"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:paddingLeft="5dp"
android:text="陳奕迅"
android:textSize="14sp"
android:textColor="@android:color/white" />
LinearLayout>
<Button
android:id="@+id/btn_pre"
android:layout_width="30dp"
android:layout_height="30dp"
android:background="@drawable/music_pre" />
<Button
android:id="@+id/btn_play"
android:layout_width="30dp"
android:layout_height="30dp"
android:layout_marginLeft="16dp"
android:layout_marginRight="8dp"
android:background="@drawable/music_play" />
<Button
android:id="@+id/btn_next"
android:layout_width="30dp"
android:layout_height="30dp"
android:layout_marginLeft="16dp"
android:layout_marginRight="8dp"
android:background="@drawable/music_next" />
<ImageView
android:id="@+id/img_clear"
android:layout_width="30dp"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:layout_gravity="top|center_horizontal"
android:padding="6dp"
android:src="@drawable/clear_img" />
LinearLayout>
4.實現(xiàn)自定義通知刪除按鈕事件實現(xiàn)
case NOTIFICATION_CANCEL:
Intent intentCancel = new Intent("Notification_cancel");
intentCancel.putExtra("cancel_notification_id",
Utils.NOTIFICATION_CUSTOM_ID);
int flagCancel = PendingIntent.FLAG_CANCEL_CURRENT;
PendingIntent clickCancelIntent = PendingIntent.getBroadcast(this,
0, intentCancel, flagCancel);
return clickCancelIntent;
5.廣播是四大組件之一，需要在
AndroidManfest.xml中注冊
注冊方式如下：
<receiver
android:name="com.programandroid.BroadcastReceiver.NotificationReceived"
android:enabled="true"
android:exported="true" >
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="Notification_cancel" />
<action android:name="Notification_music_pre" />
<action android:name="Notification_music_play" />
<action android:name="Notification_music_next" />
intent-filter>
receiver>至此，本篇已結(jié)束。轉(zhuǎn)載網(wǎng)絡(luò)的文章，小編覺得很優(yōu)秀，歡迎點擊閱讀原文，支持原創(chuàng)作者，如有侵權(quán)，懇請聯(lián)系小編刪除。同時感謝您的閱讀，期待您的關(guān)注。
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