手把手教你使用Python打造一款摸魚倒計(jì)界面
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2024-08-03 10:00
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大家好，我是吳老板。
前言
前段時(shí)間在微博看到一段摸魚人的倒計(jì)時(shí)模板，感覺(jué)還挺有趣的。
于是我用了一小時(shí)的時(shí)間寫了個(gè)頁(yè)面出來(lái) 摸魚辦地址 (當(dāng)然是摸魚的時(shí)間啦)。
模板是這樣的:
摸魚辦公室 ??
你好，摸魚人，工作再累，一定不要忘記摸魚哦 ! 有事沒(méi)事起身去茶水間去廊道去天臺(tái)走走，別老在工位上坐著。多喝點(diǎn)水，錢是老板的，但命是自己的 !
?? 距離 周末 放假還有 2 天
?? 距離 元旦 放假還有 3 天
?? 距離 過(guò)年 放假還有 34 天
?? 距離 清明節(jié) 放假還有 97 天
?? 距離 勞動(dòng)節(jié) 放假還有 123 天
?? 距離 端午節(jié) 放假還有 156 天
?? 距離 中秋節(jié) 放假還有 255 天
?? 距離 國(guó)慶節(jié) 放假還有 276 天
-
由于前端是單頁(yè)面服務(wù)，直接擼一個(gè)原始的 html網(wǎng)頁(yè)就行。 -
FastAPI對(duì)于異步請(qǐng)求是一把好手、更輕、性能更佳。 -
掛上一層 Nginx讓它看起來(lái)像那么回事兒。
實(shí)現(xiàn)過(guò)程
-
首先要知道、除了靜態(tài)文字之外的比如當(dāng)前日期、距離節(jié)日放假的天數(shù)等都是動(dòng)態(tài)返回的，我需要使用 Jinja2 模板進(jìn)行動(dòng)態(tài)綁定。 -
我應(yīng)該把重點(diǎn)放在時(shí)間的處理上。 -
而且在這個(gè)模板中，有陽(yáng)歷的節(jié)日，也是陰歷的節(jié)日，我需要轉(zhuǎn)換。
初始化一個(gè) FastAPI 對(duì)象并聲明靜態(tài)頁(yè)面的模板目錄 (Jinja2Templates)
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import datetime
from fastapi import FastAPI, Request
from fastapi.responses import HTMLResponse
from fastapi.templating import Jinja2Templates
from zhdate import ZhDate as lunar_date
app = FastAPI(
debug=False,
title="My API",
docs_url="/docs",
openapi_url=f"/openapi.json"
)
templates = Jinja2Templates(directory="templates")
可以看到的是我用到了 zhdate 這個(gè)庫(kù)、主要用于陰歷和陽(yáng)歷之間的相互轉(zhuǎn)換。用法如下
today = datetime.date.today()
print(today.year, today.month, today.day)
print("大年時(shí)間: ", lunar_date(today.year+1, 1, 1).to_datetime().date())
print("端午時(shí)間: ", lunar_date(today.year, 5, 5).to_datetime().date())
print("中秋時(shí)間: ", lunar_date(today.year, 8, 15).to_datetime().date())
print("元旦時(shí)間: ", f"{today.year+1}-01-01")
print("清明時(shí)間: ", f"{today.year}-04-05")
print("勞動(dòng)時(shí)間: ", f"{today.year}-05-01")
print("國(guó)慶時(shí)間: ", f"{today.year}-10-01")
我們可以梳理一下:
-
計(jì)算距離 大年、元旦的天數(shù)時(shí)，要在年份上+1 -
計(jì)算距離 其他節(jié)日的天數(shù)時(shí)，要判斷天數(shù)差是否小于0，如果是，則年份需要+1，因?yàn)橐呀?jīng)過(guò)去的節(jié)日對(duì)此沒(méi)有意義
distance_big_year = (lunar_date(today.year + 1, 1, 1).to_datetime().date() - today).days
distance_5_5 = (lunar_date(today.year, 5, 5).to_datetime().date() - today).days
distance_5_5 = distance_5_5 if distance_5_5 > 0 else (
lunar_date(today.year + 1, 5, 5).to_datetime().date() - today).days
distance_8_15 = (lunar_date(today.year, 8, 15).to_datetime().date() - today).days
distance_8_15 = distance_8_15 if distance_8_15 > 0 else (
lunar_date(today.year + 1, 8, 15).to_datetime().date() - today).days
distance_year = (datetime.datetime.strptime(f"{today.year + 1}-01-01", "%Y-%m-%d").date() - today).days
distance_4_5 = (datetime.datetime.strptime(f"{today.year}-04-05", "%Y-%m-%d").date() - today).days
distance_4_5 = distance_4_5 if distance_4_5 > 0 else (
datetime.datetime.strptime(f"{today.year + 1}-04-05", "%Y-%m-%d").date() - today).days
distance_5_1 = (datetime.datetime.strptime(f"{today.year}-05-01", "%Y-%m-%d").date() - today).days
distance_5_1 = distance_5_1 if distance_5_1 > 0 else (
datetime.datetime.strptime(f"{today.year + 1}-05-01", "%Y-%m-%d").date() - today).days
distance_10_1 = (datetime.datetime.strptime(f"{today.year}-10-01", "%Y-%m-%d").date() - today).days
distance_10_1 = distance_10_1 if distance_10_1 > 0 else (
datetime.datetime.strptime(f"{today.year + 1}-10-01", "%Y-%m-%d").date() - today).days
怎么樣? 我的命名足夠瘋狂吧。
接下來(lái)需要計(jì)算一下距離周末的天數(shù)。
def get_week_day(date):
week_day_dict = {
0: '星期一',
1: '星期二',
2: '星期三',
3: '星期四',
4: '星期五',
5: '星期六',
6: '星期天',
}
day = date.weekday()
return week_day_dict[day]
week_day_ = get_week_day(today)
print(f"今天是: {week_day_}") # 先獲取今天是星期幾
按照每周 5 個(gè)工作日計(jì)算，今天距離周末的天數(shù)就是
5 - today.weekday() # today.weekday() 今天距離周末
現(xiàn)在將所有的數(shù)據(jù)組裝起來(lái)
time_ = [
{"v_": distance_year, "title": "元旦"}, # 距離元旦
{"v_": distance_big_year, "title": "過(guò)年"}, # 距離過(guò)年
{"v_": distance_4_5, "title": "清明節(jié)"}, # 距離清明
{"v_": distance_5_1, "title": "勞動(dòng)節(jié)"}, # 距離勞動(dòng)
{"v_": distance_5_5, "title": "端午節(jié)"}, # 距離端午
{"v_": distance_8_15, "title": "中秋節(jié)"}, # 距離中秋
{"v_": distance_10_1, "title": "國(guó)慶節(jié)"}, # 距離國(guó)慶
]
至于為什么是 List 而不是 Dict，那是我需要做一個(gè)根據(jù)距離天數(shù)的排序，讓最先放假的節(jié)日放于最前面， 這樣看起來(lái)會(huì)舒服得多。
time_ = sorted(time_, key=lambda x: x['v_'], reverse=False)
接下來(lái)要寫一個(gè) 路由，將數(shù)據(jù)傳入到 html 頁(yè)面中去。
@app.get("/", response_class=HTMLResponse)
async def readme(request: Request):
return templates.TemplateResponse("readme.html",
{"request": request, "time_": time_, "now_": now_, "week_day_": week_day_})
來(lái)看一下完整的代碼 (main.py):
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import datetime
from fastapi import FastAPI, Request
from fastapi.responses import HTMLResponse
from fastapi.templating import Jinja2Templates
from zhdate import ZhDate as lunar_date
app = FastAPI(
debug=False,
title="My API",
docs_url=f"/docs",
openapi_url=f"/openapi.json"
)
templates = Jinja2Templates(directory="templates")
today = datetime.date.today()
# print(today.year, today.month, today.day)
# print("大年時(shí)間: ", lunar_date(today.year+1, 1, 1).to_datetime().date())
# print("端午時(shí)間: ", lunar_date(today.year, 5, 5).to_datetime().date())
# print("中秋時(shí)間: ", lunar_date(today.year, 8, 15).to_datetime().date())
# print("元旦時(shí)間: ", f"{today.year+1}-01-01")
# print("清明時(shí)間: ", f"{today.year+1}-04-05")
# print("勞動(dòng)時(shí)間: ", f"{today.year+1}-05-01")
# print("國(guó)慶時(shí)間: ", f"{today.year+1}-10-01")
distance_big_year = (lunar_date(today.year + 1, 1, 1).to_datetime().date() - today).days
distance_5_5 = (lunar_date(today.year, 5, 5).to_datetime().date() - today).days
distance_5_5 = distance_5_5 if distance_5_5 > 0 else (
lunar_date(today.year + 1, 5, 5).to_datetime().date() - today).days
distance_8_15 = (lunar_date(today.year, 8, 15).to_datetime().date() - today).days
distance_8_15 = distance_8_15 if distance_8_15 > 0 else (
lunar_date(today.year + 1, 8, 15).to_datetime().date() - today).days
distance_year = (datetime.datetime.strptime(f"{today.year + 1}-01-01", "%Y-%m-%d").date() - today).days
distance_4_5 = (datetime.datetime.strptime(f"{today.year}-04-05", "%Y-%m-%d").date() - today).days
distance_4_5 = distance_4_5 if distance_4_5 > 0 else (
datetime.datetime.strptime(f"{today.year + 1}-04-05", "%Y-%m-%d").date() - today).days
distance_5_1 = (datetime.datetime.strptime(f"{today.year}-05-01", "%Y-%m-%d").date() - today).days
distance_5_1 = distance_5_1 if distance_5_1 > 0 else (
datetime.datetime.strptime(f"{today.year + 1}-05-01", "%Y-%m-%d").date() - today).days
distance_10_1 = (datetime.datetime.strptime(f"{today.year}-10-01", "%Y-%m-%d").date() - today).days
distance_10_1 = distance_10_1 if distance_10_1 > 0 else (
datetime.datetime.strptime(f"{today.year + 1}-10-01", "%Y-%m-%d").date() - today).days
def get_week_day(date):
week_day_dict = {
0: '星期一',
1: '星期二',
2: '星期三',
3: '星期四',
4: '星期五',
5: '星期六',
6: '星期天',
}
day = date.weekday()
return week_day_dict[day]
# print("距離大年: ", distance_big_year)
# print("距離端午: ", distance_5_5)
# print("距離中秋: ", distance_8_15)
# print("距離元旦: ", distance_year)
# print("距離清明: ", distance_4_5)
# print("距離勞動(dòng): ", distance_5_1)
# print("距離國(guó)慶: ", distance_10_1)
# print("距離周末: ", 5 - today.weekday())
now_ = f"{today.year}年{today.month}月{today.day}日"
week_day_ = get_week_day(today)
time_ = [
{"v_": 5 - 1 - today.weekday(), "title": "周末"}, # 距離周末
{"v_": distance_year, "title": "元旦"}, # 距離元旦
{"v_": distance_big_year, "title": "過(guò)年"}, # 距離過(guò)年
{"v_": distance_4_5, "title": "清明節(jié)"}, # 距離清明
{"v_": distance_5_1, "title": "勞動(dòng)節(jié)"}, # 距離勞動(dòng)
{"v_": distance_5_5, "title": "端午節(jié)"}, # 距離端午
{"v_": distance_8_15, "title": "中秋節(jié)"}, # 距離中秋
{"v_": distance_10_1, "title": "國(guó)慶節(jié)"}, # 距離國(guó)慶
]
time_ = sorted(time_, key=lambda x: x['v_'], reverse=False)
@app.get("/", response_class=HTMLResponse)
async def readme(request: Request):
return templates.TemplateResponse("readme.html",
{"request": request, "time_": time_, "now_": now_, "week_day_": week_day_})
if __name__ == '__main__':
import uvicorn
uvicorn.run(app='main:app', host="0.0.0.0", port=8080, reload=True)
最后就到了 html 頁(yè)面部分了，來(lái)看一下主要的傳值。
<center>
【摸魚辦公室】今天是 {{ now_ }} {{ week_day_ }}
<br><br>
{% for v_ in time_ %}
<p>?? 距離 {{ v_.title }} 放假還有 {{ v_.v_ }} 天</p>
{% else %}
<p>沒(méi)有任何值</p>
{% endfor %}
</center>
這樣整個(gè)的路由構(gòu)造和頁(yè)面編寫就算是完成了。
最后通過(guò) Nginx 部署到我的站點(diǎn)上。
摸魚辦預(yù)覽地址
代碼已經(jīng)上傳至 摸魚辦：
https://github.com/PY-GZKY/moyu你可能會(huì)有更多的想法、可以在評(píng)論區(qū)討論、一切為了摸魚。
小伙伴們，快快用實(shí)踐一下吧！如果在學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程中，有遇到任何問(wèn)題，歡迎加我好友，我拉你進(jìn)Python學(xué)習(xí)交流群共同探討學(xué)習(xí)。
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