一、JWT

//www.ruanyifeng.com/blog/2018/07/json_web_token-tutorial.html

二、項目環(huán)境搭建

2.1 引入依賴

pom.xml

<dependencies>        <dependency>            <groupId>javax.xml.bind</groupId>            <artifactId>jaxb-api</artifactId>            <version>2.3.0</version>        </dependency>        <dependency>            <groupId>com.sun.xml.bind</groupId>            <artifactId>jaxb-impl</artifactId>            <version>2.3.0</version>        </dependency>        <dependency>            <groupId>com.sun.xml.bind</groupId>            <artifactId>jaxb-core</artifactId>            <version>2.3.0</version>        </dependency>        <dependency>            <groupId>javax.activation</groupId>            <artifactId>activation</artifactId>            <version>1.1.1</version>        </dependency>
        <!-- spring security -->        <dependency>            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>        </dependency>        <!-- jwt -->        <dependency>            <groupId>io.jsonwebtoken</groupId>            <artifactId>jjwt</artifactId>            <version>0.9.1</version>        </dependency>
        <dependency>            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>        </dependency>
        <!-- mybatisplus與springboot整合 -->        <dependency>            <groupId>com.baomidou</groupId>            <artifactId>mybatis-plus-boot-starter</artifactId>            <version>3.2.0</version>        </dependency>        <!-- mybatis plus 代碼生成器依賴 -->        <dependency>            <groupId>com.baomidou</groupId>            <artifactId>mybatis-plus-generator</artifactId>            <version>3.2.0</version>        </dependency>
        <!--swagger-->        <dependency>            <groupId>io.springfox</groupId>            <artifactId>springfox-swagger2</artifactId>            <version>2.9.2</version>        </dependency>        <dependency>            <groupId>io.springfox</groupId>            <artifactId>springfox-swagger-ui</artifactId>            <version>2.9.2</version>        </dependency>
        <dependency>            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>            <optional>true</optional>        </dependency>        <!-- mysql驅(qū)動 -->        <dependency>            <groupId>mysql</groupId>            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>            <scope>runtime</scope>        </dependency>        <dependency>            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>            <scope>test</scope>            <exclusions>                <exclusion>                    <groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId>                    <artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId>                </exclusion>            </exclusions>        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
    <build>        <plugins>            <plugin>                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>            </plugin>        </plugins>    </build>
</project>

主要是要引入Spring Secruity和jwt的依賴。

2.2 實體類（User）

User.java

public class User implements Serializable {    @TableId(value = "user_id",type= IdType.AUTO)    private int userId;    private String userName;    private String Password;    private String userAge;    private String Role;
    public int getUserId() {        return userId;    }
    public void setUserId(int userId) {        this.userId = userId;    }
    public String getUserName() {        return userName;    }
    public void setUserName(String userName) {        this.userName = userName;    }
    public String getPassword() {        return Password;    }
    public void setPassword(String password) {        Password = password;    }
    public String getUserAge() {        return userAge;    }
    public void setUserAge(String userAge) {        this.userAge = userAge;    }
    public String getRole() {        return Role;    }
    public void setRole(String role) {        Role = role;    }}

2.3 jwt工具類

JwtTokenUtils.java

public class JwtTokenUtils {
    public static final String TOKEN_HEADER = "token";    public static final String TOKEN_PREFIX = "";
    private static final String SECRET = "jwtsecretdemo";    private static final String ISS = "echisan";
    // 過期時間是3600秒，即是1個小時    private static final long EXPIRATION = 3600L;
    // 選擇了記住我之后的過期時間為7天    private static final long EXPIRATION_REMEMBER = 604800L;
    // 創(chuàng)建token    public static String createToken(String username, boolean isRememberMe) {        long expiration = isRememberMe ? EXPIRATION_REMEMBER : EXPIRATION;        return Jwts.builder()                .signWith(SignatureAlgorithm.HS512, SECRET)                .setIssuer(ISS)                .setSubject(username)                .setIssuedAt(new Date())                .setExpiration(new Date(System.currentTimeMillis() + expiration * 1000))                .compact();    }
    // 從token中獲取用戶名    public static String getUsername(String token){        return getTokenBody(token).getSubject();    }
    // 是否已過期    public static boolean isExpiration(String token){        return getTokenBody(token).getExpiration().before(new Date());    }
    private static Claims getTokenBody(String token){        return Jwts.parser()                .setSigningKey(SECRET)                .parseClaimsJws(token)                .getBody();    }}

jwt工具類，對jjwt封裝一下方便調(diào)用。

2.4 Dao層

因為使用的是mybatis plus，所以沒有使用mapper.xml書寫sql語句，直接調(diào)用提供的CRUD。

UserDao.java

public interface UserDao extends BaseMapper<User> {
}

2.5 ServiceImpl層

UserDetailsServiceImpl.java

@Servicepublic class UserDetailsServiceImpl implements UserDetailsService {    @Autowired    private UserDao userDao;
    @Override    public UserDetails loadUserByUsername(String s) throws UsernameNotFoundException {        Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<>();        map.put("user_name", s);        User user = userDao.selectByMap(map).get(0);        return new JwtUser(user);    }}

注意：這個serviceImpl實現(xiàn)的接口UserDetailsService是框架提供的。
使用springSecurity需要實現(xiàn)UserDetailsService接口供權(quán)限框架調(diào)用，該方法只需要實現(xiàn)一個方法就可以了，那就是根據(jù)用戶名去獲取用戶，這里使用的是mybatis plus提供的操作接口。

接著去實現(xiàn)一下剛才返回的UserDetails

public class JwtUser implements UserDetails {
    private Integer id;    private String username;    private String password;    private Collection<? extends GrantedAuthority> authorities;
    public JwtUser() {    }
    // 寫一個能直接使用user創(chuàng)建jwtUser的構(gòu)造器    public JwtUser(User user) {        id = user.getUserId();        username = user.getUserName();        password = user.getPassword();        authorities = Collections.singleton(new SimpleGrantedAuthority(user.getRole()));    }
    // 獲取權(quán)限信息，目前博主只會拿來存角色。。    @Override    public Collection<? extends GrantedAuthority> getAuthorities() {        return authorities;    }
    @Override    public String getPassword() {        return password;    }
    @Override    public String getUsername() {        return username;    }
    // 賬號是否未過期，默認是false，記得要改一下    @Override    public boolean isAccountNonExpired() {        return true;    }
    // 賬號是否未鎖定，默認是false，記得也要改一下    @Override    public boolean isAccountNonLocked() {        return true;    }
    // 賬號憑證是否未過期，默認是false，記得還要改一下    @Override    public boolean isCredentialsNonExpired() {        return true;    }
    // 這個有點抽象不會翻譯，默認也是false，記得改一下    @Override    public boolean isEnabled() {        return true;    }
    // 我自己重寫打印下信息看的    @Override    public String toString() {        return "JwtUser{" +                "id=" + id +                ", username='" + username + '\'' +                ", password='" + password + '\'' +                ", authorities=" + authorities +                '}';    }}

三、配置攔截器

這邊需要實現(xiàn)兩個過濾器。使用JWTAuthenticationFilter去進行用戶賬號的驗證，使用JWTAuthorizationFilter去進行用戶權(quán)限的驗證。

3.1 JWTAuthenticationFilter

JWTAuthenticationFilter繼承于UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter

該攔截器用于獲取用戶登錄的信息，只需創(chuàng)建一個token并調(diào)用authenticationManager.authenticate()讓spring-security去進行驗證就可以了，不用自己查數(shù)據(jù)庫再對比密碼了，這一步交給spring去操作。

這個操作有點像是shiro的subject.login(new UsernamePasswordToken())，驗證的事情交給框架。

JWTAuthenticationFilter.java

public class JWTAuthenticationFilter extends UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter {
    private AuthenticationManager authenticationManager;
    public JWTAuthenticationFilter(AuthenticationManager authenticationManager) {        this.authenticationManager = authenticationManager;    }
    @Override    public Authentication attemptAuthentication(HttpServletRequest request,                                                HttpServletResponse response) throws AuthenticationException {
        // 從輸入流中獲取到登錄的信息        try {            LoginUser loginUser = new ObjectMapper().readValue(request.getInputStream(), LoginUser.class);            return authenticationManager.authenticate(                    new UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken(loginUser.getUsername(), loginUser.getPassword(), new ArrayList<>())            );        } catch (IOException e) {            e.printStackTrace();            return null;        }    }
    // 成功驗證后調(diào)用的方法    // 如果驗證成功，就生成token并返回    @Override    protected void successfulAuthentication(HttpServletRequest request,                                            HttpServletResponse response,                                            FilterChain chain,                                            Authentication authResult) throws IOException, ServletException {
        // 查看源代碼會發(fā)現(xiàn)調(diào)用getPrincipal()方法會返回一個實現(xiàn)了`UserDetails`接口的對象        // 所以就是JwtUser啦        JwtUser jwtUser = (JwtUser) authResult.getPrincipal();        System.out.println("jwtUser:" + jwtUser.toString());        String token = JwtTokenUtils.createToken(jwtUser.getUsername(), false);        // 返回創(chuàng)建成功的token        // 但是這里創(chuàng)建的token只是單純的token        // 按照jwt的規(guī)定，最后請求的格式應(yīng)該是 `Bearer token`        response.setHeader("token", JwtTokenUtils.TOKEN_PREFIX + token);    }
    // 這是驗證失敗時候調(diào)用的方法    @Override    protected void unsuccessfulAuthentication(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, AuthenticationException failed) throws IOException, ServletException {        response.getWriter().write("authentication failed, reason: " + failed.getMessage());    }}

這里還用到了LoginUser這個實體類，也是需要自己定義一下的。

LoginUser.java

public class LoginUser {
    private String username;    private String password;    private Integer rememberMe;
    public String getUsername() {        return username;    }
    public void setUsername(String username) {        this.username = username;    }
    public String getPassword() {        return password;    }
    public void setPassword(String password) {        this.password = password;    }
    public Integer getRememberMe() {        return rememberMe;    }
    public void setRememberMe(Integer rememberMe) {        this.rememberMe = rememberMe;    }}

3.2 JWTAuthorizationFilter

驗證成功當然就是進行鑒權(quán)了，每一次需要權(quán)限的請求都需要檢查該用戶是否有該權(quán)限去操作該資源，當然這也是框架幫我們做的，那么我們需要做什么呢？很簡單，只要告訴spring-security該用戶是否已登錄，是什么角色，擁有什么權(quán)限就可以了。

JWTAuthenticationFilter繼承于BasicAuthenticationFilter，至于為什么要繼承這個我也不太清楚了，這個我也是網(wǎng)上看到的其中一種實現(xiàn)，實在springSecurity苦手，不過我覺得不繼承這個也沒事呢（實現(xiàn)以下filter接口或者繼承其他filter實現(xiàn)子類也可以吧）只要確保過濾器的順序，JWTAuthorizationFilter在JWTAuthenticationFilter后面就沒問題了。

JWTAuthorizationFilter.java

public class JWTAuthorizationFilter extends BasicAuthenticationFilter {
    public JWTAuthorizationFilter(AuthenticationManager authenticationManager) {        super(authenticationManager);    }
    @Override    protected void doFilterInternal(HttpServletRequest request,                                    HttpServletResponse response,                                    FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {
        String tokenHeader = request.getHeader(JwtTokenUtils.TOKEN_HEADER);        // 如果請求頭中沒有Authorization信息則直接放行了        if (tokenHeader == null || !tokenHeader.startsWith(JwtTokenUtils.TOKEN_PREFIX)) {            chain.doFilter(request, response);            return;        }        // 如果請求頭中有token，則進行解析，并且設(shè)置認證信息        SecurityContextHolder.getContext().setAuthentication(getAuthentication(tokenHeader));        super.doFilterInternal(request, response, chain);    }
    // 這里從token中獲取用戶信息并新建一個token    private UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken getAuthentication(String tokenHeader) {        String token = tokenHeader.replace(JwtTokenUtils.TOKEN_PREFIX, "");        String username = JwtTokenUtils.getUsername(token);        if (username != null){            return new UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken(username, null, new ArrayList<>());        }        return null;    }}

3.3 配置SpringSecurity

需要開啟一下注解@EnableWebSecurity然后再繼承一下WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter就可以啦

WebSecurityConfig.java

@Configurationpublic class WebSecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {
    @Autowired    // 因為UserDetailsService的實現(xiàn)類實在太多啦，這里設(shè)置一下我們要注入的實現(xiàn)類    @Qualifier("userDetailsServiceImpl")    private UserDetailsService userDetailsService;
    // 加密密碼的，安全第一嘛~    @Bean    public BCryptPasswordEncoder bCryptPasswordEncoder(){        return new BCryptPasswordEncoder();    }
    @Override    protected void configure(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception {        auth.userDetailsService(userDetailsService).passwordEncoder(bCryptPasswordEncoder());    }
    @Override    protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {        http.cors().and().csrf().disable()                .authorizeRequests()                // 測試用資源，需要驗證了的用戶才能訪問                .antMatchers("/tasks/**").authenticated()                // 其他都放行了                .anyRequest().permitAll()                .and()                .addFilter(new JWTAuthenticationFilter(authenticationManager()))                .addFilter(new JWTAuthorizationFilter(authenticationManager()))                // 不需要session                .sessionManagement().sessionCreationPolicy(SessionCreationPolicy.STATELESS);    }
    @Bean    CorsConfigurationSource corsConfigurationSource() {        final UrlBasedCorsConfigurationSource source = new UrlBasedCorsConfigurationSource();        source.registerCorsConfiguration("/**", new CorsConfiguration().applyPermitDefaultValues());        return source;    }}

四、測試

4.1 注冊

AuthController.java

@RestController@RequestMapping("/auth")public class AuthController {
    // 為了減少篇幅就不寫service接口了    @Autowired    private UserDao userDao;
    @Autowired    private BCryptPasswordEncoder bCryptPasswordEncoder;
    @PostMapping("/register")    public String registerUser(@RequestBody Map<String,String> registerUser){        User user = new User();        user.setUserName(registerUser.get("username"));        // 記得注冊的時候把密碼加密一下        user.setPassword(bCryptPasswordEncoder.encode(registerUser.get("password")));        user.setRole("ROLE_USER");        int result = userDao.insert(user);        return Integer.toString(result);    }}

4.2 登陸

根據(jù)UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter的源代碼，可以看出登錄默認是/login

public UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter() {    super(new AntPathRequestMatcher("/login", "POST"));}

當然也可以自定義，只需要在JWTAuthenticationFilter的構(gòu)造方法中加入下面那一句話就可以啦

public JWTAuthenticationFilter(AuthenticationManager authenticationManager) {        this.authenticationManager = authenticationManager;        super.setFilterProcessesUrl("/auth/login");}

4.3 接口驗證

helloController.java

@RestController@RequestMapping("/tasks")public class HelloController {    @GetMapping("/hello")    public String hello() {        return "hello jwt !";    }    @GetMapping("/admin")    public String admin() {        return "hello admin !";    }}

4.4 測試結(jié)果

先是注冊

登陸

這是可以獲取 token

接口訪問測試

需要將 token 加上才可以訪問成功。

記得點「贊」和「在看」↓

愛你們

Spring-Security & JWT 實現(xiàn) token

一、JWT

二、項目環(huán)境搭建