Go 單元測(cè)試基本介紹

package main
import (  regexp "github.com/dlclark/regexp2"  "github.com/gin-gonic/gin"  "net/http")
type UserHandler struct {  emailExp    *regexp.Regexp  passwordExp *regexp.Regexp}
func (u *UserHandler) RegisterRoutes(server *gin.Engine) {  ug := server.Group("/user")  ug.POST("/login", u.Login)}func NewUserHandler() *UserHandler {  const (    emailRegexPattern    = "^\\w+([-+.]\\w+)*@\\w+([-.]\\w+)*\\.\\w+([-.]\\w+)*$"    passwordRegexPattern = `^(?=.*[A-Za-z])(?=.*\d)(?=.*[$@$!%*#?&])[A-Za-z\d$@$!%*#?&]{8,}$`  )  emailExp := regexp.MustCompile(emailRegexPattern, regexp.None)  passwordExp := regexp.MustCompile(passwordRegexPattern, regexp.None)  return &UserHandler{    emailExp:    emailExp,    passwordExp: passwordExp,  }}
type LoginRequest struct {  Email string `json:"email"`  Pwd   string `json:"pwd"`}
func (u *UserHandler) Login(ctx *gin.Context) {  var req LoginRequest  if err := ctx.ShouldBindJSON(&req); err != nil {    ctx.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"msg": "參數(shù)不正確!"})    return  }
  // 校驗(yàn)郵箱和密碼是否為空  if req.Email == "" || req.Pwd == "" {    ctx.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"msg": "郵箱或密碼不能為空"})    return  }
  // 正則校驗(yàn)郵箱  ok, err := u.emailExp.MatchString(req.Email)  if err != nil {    ctx.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"msg": "系統(tǒng)錯(cuò)誤!"})    return  }  if !ok {    ctx.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"msg": "郵箱格式不正確"})    return  }
  // 校驗(yàn)密碼格式  ok, err = u.passwordExp.MatchString(req.Pwd)  if err != nil {    ctx.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"msg": "系統(tǒng)錯(cuò)誤!"})    return  }  if !ok {    ctx.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"msg": "密碼必須大于8位，包含數(shù)字、特殊字符"})    return  }
  // 校驗(yàn)郵箱和密碼是否匹配特定的值來(lái)確定登錄成功與否  if req.Email != "[email protected]" || req.Pwd != "hello#world123" {    ctx.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"msg": "郵箱或密碼不匹配!"})    return  }
  ctx.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{"msg": "登錄成功!"})}
func InitWebServer(userHandler *UserHandler) *gin.Engine {  server := gin.Default()  userHandler.RegisterRoutes(server)  return server}
func main() {  uh := &UserHandler{}  server := InitWebServer(uh)  server.Run(":8080") // 在8080端口啟動(dòng)服務(wù)器}

package main
import (  "bytes"  "github.com/gin-gonic/gin"  "github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"  "net/http"  "net/http/httptest"  "testing")
func TestUserHandler_Login(t *testing.T) {  // 定義測(cè)試用例  testCases := []struct {    name     string    reqBody  string    wantCode int    wantBody string  }{    {      name:     "登錄成功",      reqBody:  `{"email": "[email protected]", "pwd": "hello#world123"}`,      wantCode: http.StatusOK,      wantBody: `{"msg": "登錄成功!"}`,    },    {      name:     "參數(shù)不正確",      reqBody:  `{"email": "[email protected]", "pwd": "hello#world123",}`,      wantCode: http.StatusBadRequest,      wantBody: `{"msg": "參數(shù)不正確!"}`,    },    {      name:     "郵箱或密碼為空",      reqBody:  `{"email": "", "pwd": ""}`,      wantCode: http.StatusBadRequest,      wantBody: `{"msg": "郵箱或密碼不能為空"}`,    },    {      name:     "郵箱格式不正確",      reqBody:  `{"email": "invalidemail", "pwd": "hello#world123"}`,      wantCode: http.StatusBadRequest,      wantBody: `{"msg": "郵箱格式不正確"}`,    },    {      name:     "密碼格式不正確",      reqBody:  `{"email": "[email protected]", "pwd": "invalidpassword"}`,      wantCode: http.StatusBadRequest,      wantBody: `{"msg": "密碼必須大于8位，包含數(shù)字、特殊字符"}`,    },    {      name:     "郵箱或密碼不匹配",      reqBody:  `{"email": "[email protected]", "pwd": "hello#world123"}`,      wantCode: http.StatusBadRequest,      wantBody: `{"msg": "郵箱或密碼不匹配!"}`,    },  }
  for _, tc := range testCases {    t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {      // 創(chuàng)建一個(gè) gin 的上下文      server := gin.Default()      h := NewUserHandler()      h.RegisterRoutes(server)      // mock 創(chuàng)建一個(gè) http 請(qǐng)求      req, err := http.NewRequest(        http.MethodPost,                     // 請(qǐng)求方法        "/user/login",                       // 請(qǐng)求路徑        bytes.NewBuffer([]byte(tc.reqBody)), // 請(qǐng)求體      )      // 斷言沒(méi)有錯(cuò)誤      assert.NoError(t, err)      // 設(shè)置請(qǐng)求頭      req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json")      // 創(chuàng)建一個(gè)響應(yīng)      resp := httptest.NewRecorder()      // 服務(wù)端處理請(qǐng)求      server.ServeHTTP(resp, req)      // 斷言響應(yīng)碼和響應(yīng)體      assert.Equal(t, tc.wantCode, resp.Code)      // 斷言 JSON 字符串是否相等      assert.JSONEq(t, tc.wantBody, resp.Body.String())    })  }}

// ReqParam API請(qǐng)求參數(shù)type ReqParam struct {  X int `json:"x"`}
// Result API返回結(jié)果type Result struct {  Value int `json:"value"`}
func GetResultByAPI(x, y int) int {  p := &ReqParam{X: x}  b, _ := json.Marshal(p)
  // 調(diào)用其他服務(wù)的API  resp, err := http.Post(    "http://your-api.com/post",    "application/json",    bytes.NewBuffer(b),  )  if err != nil {    return -1  }  body, _ := ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body)  var ret Result  if err := json.Unmarshal(body, &ret); err != nil {    return -1  }  // 這里是對(duì)API返回的數(shù)據(jù)做一些邏輯處理  return ret.Value + y}

package gock_demo
import (  "testing"
  "github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"  "gopkg.in/h2non/gock.v1")
func TestGetResultByAPI(t *testing.T) {  defer gock.Off() // 測(cè)試執(zhí)行后刷新掛起的mock
  // mock 請(qǐng)求外部api時(shí)傳參x=1返回100  gock.New("http://your-api.com").    Post("/post").    MatchType("json").    JSON(map[string]int{"x": 1}).    Reply(200).    JSON(map[string]int{"value": 100})
  // 調(diào)用我們的業(yè)務(wù)函數(shù)  res := GetResultByAPI(1, 1)  // 校驗(yàn)返回結(jié)果是否符合預(yù)期  assert.Equal(t, res, 101)
  // mock 請(qǐng)求外部api時(shí)傳參x=2返回200  gock.New("http://your-api.com").    Post("/post").    MatchType("json").    JSON(map[string]int{"x": 2}).    Reply(200).    JSON(map[string]int{"value": 200})
  // 調(diào)用我們的業(yè)務(wù)函數(shù)  res = GetResultByAPI(2, 2)  // 校驗(yàn)返回結(jié)果是否符合預(yù)期  assert.Equal(t, res, 202)
  assert.True(t, gock.IsDone()) // 斷言mock被觸發(fā)}